The Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx and Frederic Engels is one of the most influential books targeted towards communism that has ever been written. This short treatise was published in 1848 and would become one of the most important political influences in European history. Throughout history leaders such as V.I. Lenin and Mao Zedong have followed the foundation laid out by Marx yet have been unsuccessful in establishing such "utopia", and adapted them to different political circumstances to make the government work better.

Marx and Engels bean their treatise with the statement that "the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle." In his book Karl Marx attempts to explain the evolution of human civilization. The proletarians were the lower strata of the middle class consisting of shopkeepers, trades people, the handicraftsmen, the retired tradesmen and peasants. The bourgeoisie were the upper middle class that consisted of the landlord, the shopkeeper, landowners, politicians, factory owners, etc. They were the e greedy members of the conspiracy of wealth. The proletariats were cons

Marxism had its greatest impact in China (Duiker 757). The Chinese communist party was formed in 1921. Communism, however, didn't come into power until 1949. Mao Zedong came into power in the mid 1940's. Mao had a belief in human equality. The long-term goal of Mao was to create a socialist society. However, they understood that "popular support for the revolution was based on the party's platform of honest government, land reform, social justice, and peace rather than on the utopian goal of classless society" (Duiker 856). The greatest achievement of the new communist government was the land reform program. Although the Chinese peasants favored and benefited form it millions of landlords and farmers lost their lands, personal property, their freedom and sometimes their lives. A more radical program of Mao's was The Great Leap Forward. This idea was that the more labor you had the more production increased. Over fifteen million people died over starvation. Since this program failed China started to limit its population grown. Mao Zedong established the Red Guard; the discouragement of school learning because it was seen as a legacy of capitalism and the famous "Little Red Book", which was known as the most important source of knowledge in all areas. Mao Zedon

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