On TV there is very little aggression overall. The Gerbner Studies (1970's and 1980's) found that in children's TV programmes 20 violent acts per hour occurred. Since 1967, the percentage of violent programmes has not increased but the number of violent acts per programme has increased. Halloran and Croll (1972) found that violence was a common feature on TV programmes but not as prevalent on British as it was on American TV programmes. Cumberbatch (1987) supported this, finding that 30% of programmes had violence in them but only 1% of TV is violent overall. Gunter and Harrison (1995) said that violence only occupies a tiny proportion of TV in few programmes. They found that 1% of terrestrial TV was violent and less that, 2% on satellite TV was violent. Altogether there is not very much violence on TV but what there is seems to be concentrated to a few programmes which if young children are exposed to could be damaging to them mentally

On TV, violence is not often shown along with the negative effects possibly leading children to believe that there aren't any. Often in addition, violence goes unpunished showing children that it is alright to commit violent acts, they won't be punished for it. From this study called the National Violence Media Study only 4% of violent programmes showed and anti violent theme and children's programmes were the least likely of all to show the long-term negative consequences of violence. Different people interpret violent acts in different ways and they can be portrayed in the media for different reasons. E.g. a man had his house broken into, caught the burglars in his house and he shot them, was this a justified act of violence? It was highly publicised because of this. Media violence in studies is restricted to fictional programmes news programmes are exempt. If violence in fictional programmes have such adverse effects on people then why don't they have the same effects on people when they are shown in the news?

Bandura (1963) showed children aggressive behaviour on a film. It showed adults in a room hitting a bobo doll. The children who saw the film were compared with children who hadn't, the children who watched the film were found to be more aggressive in their play. This is supported by Liebert and Baran (1972) who found that children watching an aggressive film demonstrated a greater willingness to hurt another child. Both of these laboratory studies show that if children are exposed to aggression in the media, although this was set up intentionally, they can become more aggressive. Both of these studies are laboratory studies and the problem with these is that it is difficult to generalise findings to real life situations.

Australian research has shown that there is no significant correlation between early TV violence viewing and later aggression. In Poland, the researchers agreed

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Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)