An abnormal type of hemoglobin called "hemoglobin S" causes sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell anemia can only be inherited when both parents have the "hemoglobin S" gene. Sickle cell affects eight out of 100,000 people. However, it is more common in certain ethnic backgrounds. The disease affects one out of every 600 African Americans and one out of 1,000 to 1,400 Hispanic Americans.

Sickle cell anemia may become life threatening when damaged blood cells break down or bone marrow fails to produce blood cells. These affects can cause damage to the kidneys, lungs, bone, liver, and even the central nervous system. Blocked blood vessels and damaged organs c

an cause acute painful episodes. These painful symptoms, which occur in 70% of patients, can last hours to days, affecting the bones in the back and chest. Some sufferers may have one episode every few years, while others may have many per year. The symptoms can even be severe enough to require admission to the hospital for pain control.

Though there is no cure for Sickle cell anemia, there are many agencies and foundations that can help sufferers and their families cope with the disease. Sickle cell anemia is a life long birth defect that currently has no cure, but with help from doctors and the support of family and friends, sufferers can live a long, enjoyable life just like any other person.

There is currently no cure for this disease. During a crisis, bed rest is recommended to reduce the use of energy and oxygen needs. Transfusions of Folic acid, essential in producing

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