The Principals and Dynamics of New Generation Jail Management 4

Population Divided Into Controllable Groups 5

Maximum Supervision During Initial Hours of Confinement 9

Commandments of Direct Supervision Management 10

The term new generation jail refers to new or remodeled jails that are designed around a podular architectural design in conjunction with a direct supervision inmate management orientation. While jails of this style were first introduced in the Federal system nearly 20 years ago, it has only been in the past few years that the operational principles and dynamics have been documented and the concept has begun to gain acceptance in local jurisdictions.

Several national professional correctional authorities have now endorsed the concept of a podular design with direct supervision. The American Correctional Association endorsed this app

One of the most significant elements of the principle of effective control is to structure the inmate's environment so that his inner controls will be maximized. Just as most inmates have the capacity for negative behavior in order to achieve their ends, they also have the capacity to conform their behavior to the desires of the administration if that will serve to meet their needs. Many "street wise" inmates learn at an early age to manipulate their environment to their best advantage. In the traditional jail or prison environment, violent and destructive behavior is one of the means usually employed by inmates to effectively achieve their needs. A proactive management approach to this problem is to manipulate the inmate's environment so that his critical needs are best achieved through compliant behavior and his negative deeds will consistently result in frustration. In such a custodial setting, the inmate has a significant investment in remaining in the general population. However, the mission in a detention setting is not to bring about basic personality change, but to control inmate behavior, ensure staff and inmate safety, and protect public property.

2) Effective Supervision - staff must be in direct contact with inmates and rely heavily on personal interaction with inmates for supervision. Manageable staff-inmates ratios arc critical for effective supervision

The Advisory Board of the National Institute of Corrections advocates that jurisdictions that are contemplating the construction or renovation of jails and prisons should explore the appropriateness of the podular direct supervision (new generation) concept of jail and prison design and management for their new facilities. The NIC Advisory Board believes that the economic, social, and professional values explicit in the concept of jail and prison design and management exemplify an appropriate direction for detention of persons who require incarceration. Evidence indicates such facilities are most cost effective in terms of both construction and operation. The Board instructs the Director of the National Institute of Corrections to give emphasis to the dissemination of information; the training of jail and prison practitioners; the provision of technical assistance; the formulation of standards and policy; and a continuous evaluation of the effectiveness of the "Podular/Direct Supervision" concept of jail and prison design and management, in addition to existing NIC programs.

The traditional detention facility approach is to treat all newly admitted inmates as potentially dangerous until they prove otherwise. The jailers' expectation of the new inmate's behavior in these situations is clearly transmitted. In a podular direct supervision facility, the reverse approach is taken. All new inmates are treated with a clear expectation that they will behave as responsible adults until they prove otherwise. Staff are required to deal with those who prove otherwise, but the vast majority of inmates conduct themselves responsibly even during the admission process. Observers of this "phenomenon" from traditional jails frequently conclude that the podular/direct supervision facility has a "better class of inmate" than they do, when often the reverse is true.

Population Divided Into Controllable Groups

Three architects from among the nation's leading firms were selected to design the Metropolitan Correctional Centers in New York, Chicago, and San Diego. In addition to obtaining original thinking from the field of architecture, a special working condition was imposed on the architects that prohibited each from consulting with the architects selected to design the other MCCs. While each of the MCCs reflected the individuality of its architect's response to essentially the same architectural program, they were all similar in that they effectively facilitated the same required management orientation. The housing areas were divided into manageable units with the cells a

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Approximate Word count = 2667
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page double spaced)