Both Mesopotamia and Egypt were polytheistic civilizations that believe that the true rulers were Gods. Mesopotamia was first settled by Sumerians which built the first city-states, later developing and expanding into new cities which, during the Early Dynastic Period (2800-2350 BC), were ruled by the Gods, merely humanly represented by prosperous families. Though Gods were undisputedly the highest of rulers, the development of Earthly power was rising. Circa 2800 BC the Council of Elders took power, soon to be replaced by a lugal, or "big man", and then an ens

In both Egypt and Mesopotamia two main concurring themes occurred. The main one, was the power of religion and it's involvement in everyday life. The second, like for any rising culture, is the theme of struggle for survival. The third was the theme of assimilation. Both of these civilizations had a strong foundation, but due to their different locations the two had to assimilate to different surroundings, neighbors, and geography. The forms of imperial control did differ in slight organizational and administrative ways, but the main core of it was the same, both cultures based their lives around the religion, faith and the gods. The ideals of any nation are mainly to survive, prosper and live a satisfying life. The two cultures may have defined satisfying differently or held different beliefs on death, or believed in simply survival versus expansion. However, the ideals and beliefs that they embraced as their won made them the unique and thriving cultures that they were, and led them to persevere as long as they did. It is important to see the bigger picture, that people, no matter the location and time, have the same basic needs and desires, and the only thing that time has shown are the different methods that people have gone about in achieving those same goals.

i, king or queen, a hundred or so years later. These people represented the Gods, to the human eye- they were the Gods. The next to gain power was the warrior-kings of Mesopotamia, namely Enmebaragesi of Kish and Agga, and Gilgamesh. Their goals were to correct abuses and weaken threats to power. Egypt was much quicker at

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Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page double spaced)