It was with ardent horror that the prehistoric man first witnessed a solar eclipse---the sun swallowed by the predator moon until all light ceased and darkness fell on to the land. We, the more enlightened descendants, have also suffered eclipses. One such eclipse was the darkness of evil that fell upon Salem in 1692, when many men and women were accused of compacting with the Devil. These charges were what snowballed into the huge misfortune known as the "Salem Witch Trials." The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller, is a play based upon these witch trials, in which John Proctor, a prominent member of their Puritan community, falls into the hurricane of the accusations. Not willing to blacken his name, John hangs for not confessing to compacting with the Devil. When John destroys his untruthful confession, he condemns himself to die and by doing so becomes a true symbol of tragedy.

John Proctor, a respected and followed Puritan, although an adulterer, became one of the most afflicted men in Salem when vengeance was sought upon his wife. Abigail Williams envied Elizabeth, John's beloved wife, when John ended their affair. Abigail accused Elizabeth of sending her spirit out to stab her with a needle so that Elizabeth would be either hung or jailed. By pushing Elizabeth out of John's life, Abigail thought that John would rediscover his love for her. In an attempt to save his wife's life, he pressures his maidservant, Mary Warren, to confess that the groups of girls crying "witchery" were faking. When Abigail breaks Mary's confession by scaring her publicly, Mary turns and accuses John of coming to her in the night and threatening her for her life if she did not save Elizabeth. John, being accused of witchery, had no choice but to be jailed and hung in order to further cleanse the country of evil. On the day of John's hanging, Minister Hale and Judge Danforth came to him to plead with him to sign the confession. John had to make the decision to either, live a lie and disgrace his family, or die with pride and a clean name. To John, it was a choice of the lesser of evils. To his religion, God damns all liars and as Hale says, "Life, ...is God's most precious gift; no principal however glorious, may justify the taking of it... Quail not before God's judgment in this, for it may well be God damns a liar less than he throws his life away for pride."

However, John Proctor was not just rebelling against their power to spite them, he was becoming an example for his children and neighbors. John knew that the whirling accusation of witchery and contact with the Devil was not the moralistic, pure way of living a Christian life. John Proctor also knew that God saw his sins, and that it should not matter what others believe of him, since God was the only true ruler of their world. "Is there no good penitence but it be public? God does not need my name nailed upon the church! God sees my name; God knows how black my sins are!" By giving up his life for the truth in God's eyes and in his societies' eyes, John was taking on outcomes that are more tragic. He was willing to die for his pride, his family's dignity, and his love for God. In doing so, he is keeping his sense of personal dignity so that he can gain his rightful place in society. He also can die knowing that his family name is preserved with pride and his children can grow up with a deeper love and respect for their father. When John was looking for forgiveness and guidance from Elizabeth, she would tell him that she could not judge him, for it is not her place to do so. She tells him that he has to make the decisions for himself, then whatever they may be, they are from a good man's heart. "John, it come to naught that I should forgive you, if you'll not forgive yourself. It is not my soul, John, it is yours. Only be sure of this, for I know it now: Whatever you will do, it is a good man that does it." By telling him this, sh

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