Brown v. Board of education
Stepped up efforts to change the educational system. In the fall of 1950 members of the Topeka, Kansas, Chapter of National Association for the Advancement of colored people agreed to again challenge the "separate but equal" doctrine governing public education. The NAACP was eager to assist the Brown's, as it had long wanted to challenge segregation in public schools. With Browns complaint, it had "the right plaintiff at the right time." Other black parents joined Brown, and, in 1951, the NAACP requested an injunction that would forbid the segregation of Topeka's public schools. Their plan involved enlisting the support of fellow NAACP members and personal friends as plaintiffs in what would be a class action suit filed against the Board of Education of Topeka Public Schools. A group of thirteen parents agreed to participate on behalf of their children (twenty children). "I had to drive my two children right across town, past two all white schools, to an all-black school" quoted Zelma Henderson, one of the other parents who joined in the lawsuit. Each plaintiff was to watch the paper for enrollment and were
Some states moved quickly towards desegregating their schools following the Supreme Court ruling. The Court issued a follow-up ruling in 1955, ordering "a prompt deliberated speed" to urge along less-willing authorities. Force had to be used to counter the resistance of some officials, for example in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957, when President Dwight Eisenhower sent federal troops to enforce the law. Progress moved quickly in the Mid-West, and the South finally caught up in the 1960's and 1970's. The request for an injunction put the court in a difficult decision. The judges agreed with the expert witnesses; in their decision, they wrote: Segregation of white and colored children in public schools has a detrimental effect upon the colored children. A sense of inferiority affects the motivation of a child to learn. The court's decision was unanimous. Supreme Court Chief Justice, Earl Warren concluded that in the field of public education the doctrine of "separate but equal" has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Therefore, hold that the plaintiffs and other similarly situa
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Approximate Word count = 751
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)
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