French and Indian War
The French and Indian war raged from 1754 to 1763. Its roots began long before the first shot was fired, about 100 years before between the French and the English. The French and Indian War was not fought between the French and the Indians, but the two allied with the Canadians against the English. It was the catalyst for the Seven Years War, from 1756-1763, which was brought over into Europe, the Carnatic Wars, and it eventually lead to the American Revolution. By the late 1600's to the beginning of the 1700's, the colonization of the America's by the English had been reaping great rewards. The English controlled much of the eastern seaboard, and were highly interested into further expansionism. The English often moved into the French territory and claimed the land as theirs. The French had established a vast area from Louisiana to the south to Canada to the north bordering the Spaniards to the left and the English to the right. The French had small frontier villages with ample land for the English to take. The French used their land for the same purposes the English used theirs, for trade and manifest destiny. However the French were frontier trappers who moved and settled in smal
"The turning point in the war came after the energetic William Pitt became England's prime minister in 1757. Proclaiming, "I believe that I can save this nation and that no one else can," he abandoned Europe as a main theater of action against the French and threw his nation's military might into the American campaign." (Nash, Jeffrey, Howe, Frederick, Davis; Winkler, pg.148-149, 1998). In 1758 the English are now making their advance on the French. The English lay victories at Louisbough, and Fort Frontenac, the English salvage the supplies from the Fort's to Oswego. Another English victory at Fort Ticonderoga and Crown Point. The English capture the Isle d'Orl'eans through an intense naval battle which the French had truly undermined the English. The French used naval fighting tactics that the English used to their advantage. The French used a two man submergible to try and sink an English warship, however the match went before the explosive from the submergible could be ignited and the submergible sank soon thereafter. The fighting moved to land near Pointe Levi. The inhabitants requested permission from the French to make a sortie and take all the people out of harms way. In their excitement, getting away from the English and their guns, the civilians opened fire on their own people taking them for British. Mean while the English were raining heavy artillery upon the French. "During the night of July 18 two warships and five smaller craft sailed up the river by Quebec as harmless cannon shot were hurled after them. The French now for the first time had to worry about their communications with Montreal, and this was to become a source of increasing concern as additional ships passed up the St. Lawrence and continued on well up the river." (Hamilton, pg 281, 1962). A fierce land battle ensued between the French and the British aided by the Second Battalion of Royal Americans. The Canadians were surrounded and outnumbered at this point. "With the English in control of the heights, Montcalm, and the French army demoralized, Governor Vaudreuil, for now, had to abandon Quebec, leaving it's people to the conquerors. (http://www.digitalhistory.org/1760.html). The English now headed for Montreal after the battle of Quebec on May 3, 1760. On September 8, 1760 the Canadians surrender Montreal and all of New France to the English forces. This would later be the end of the French and Indian War, almost. The treaty of Senecas and the Treaty of Paris still had to be implemented. The treaty of Senecas surrendered the hostages between the English and the Indians as well as make peace in the Delaware valley. The Proclamation Act of 1763 also heeded any more movement into the Appalachian Mountains keeping settlers from claiming Indian territory. The Treaty of Paris was signed on February 10, 1763 ending the war officially, even though an armistice was called nearly a year before. In the end "of all of her former North American possessions France was allowed to retain only the two little fishing stations of St. Pierre and Miquelon . Elsewhere throughout all of the great continent the fleurs-de-lis of France gave way to the Union Jack of Great Bri
Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 2148
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)
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