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Injury rates and patterns of alpine skiers have been studied at great length since the early 1940's. The overall incidences involving ski injuries have steadily decreased from 5 to 8 injuries per 1000 skier days before the 1970's to between 2 and 3 injuries per 1000 skier days in the late 1980's and early 1990's (Johnson, Ettlinger & Shealy, 1997). Injuries that most commonly occurred during the 1940's and 1950's to the lower extremities such as ankle sprains (28%), ankle fractures (11%) and spiral tibial fractures (2.8%) have declined by 87% (Natri et al., 1999). The main reason for the overall reduction of these injuries was the advancements in ski equipment (i.e.: the binding release and support system) that was developed during the early 1980's. The imp
Terminology mentioned in this term paper
ACL,
Sports referenced in this report
skiing,
Names referenced in this report
Natri, Davidson, Grade III, Ettlinger, Kocher,
Companies referenced in this report
Johnson & Shealy,
Keywords mentioned in this report
injuries, knee, alpine skiing, sprains, skier, upper extremity, injury, ankle, fractures, equipment, anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, lower extremities, ski bindings, ski boots, inherent risk, epidemiological research, tibia, technology, sport, main, conditions, Kocher, panacea, inexperienced, morbidity, spiral, shoulder, Pope, accessible, accounting, common, compiled, experience, rates, information, design, the ratio,
