Orbitals

A detailed Summary of Orbitals


Moving Object has wave like characteristics

Particles really do have wave-like properties, it just took a while for us to notice them. It wasn't discovered until 1925 that electrons do have wave characteristics. An American physicist, Clinton Davisson, was working with Lester Germer at Bell Labs reflecting electrons. An apparatus containing a nickel target was damaged, breaking the vacuum and ruining the prepared sample of nickel. Davisson and Germer heated the nickel to use it again, unintentionally fusing it into large crystals. When electrons were scattered off these crystals, diffraction patterns were observed, demonstrating that electrons have wave characteristics.

We treat a light wave as a ray of light if the wavelength of the light is smaller than the size of objects that it encounters. If the wavelength is about the same size or larger than objects it encounters, we must acknowledge the wave properties of the light. An electron of


The quantum number indicates how far the orbital is from the nucleus. Electrons are farther away for higher values of n. By Coulomb's law we know that electrons, which are closer to the positively charged nucleus, are more powerfully attracted and thus have lower potential energies. Electrons of orbitals with higher values of n, being farther away from the nucleus, have greater potential energies. In a given atom, all the atomic orbitals with the same n are known as a shell. n can take on integer values of 1 or higher (ex. 1, 2, 3, etc.).The Quantum number is the average distances from the nucleus it also shown the energy of the electrons in the orbital. A quantum number is a number assigned to each orbital of an electron in a atom. Quantum number = n. The lowest energy level is called ground state. And its quantum number is n, so n=1. That energy level relates nucleus. When the electron gets the appropriate amount of energy it jumps then jumps to a higher energy

Some common words found in the essay are:
Davisson Germer, Density Electron, Moving Object, Bell Labs, charge density, energy level, wave characteristics, electrons wave characteristics, energy level called, electrons wave, ground quantum, farther nucleus, level called, potential energies, electron density, electrons farther,

Approximate Word count = 655
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)

Category: Science

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