Chalcolithic Culture in the Levant

A detailed Summary of Chalcolithic Culture in the Levant

The origins of Chalcolithic (approximately 4300-3300 BCE) culture in the Levant are debatable. Arguments exist that the culture developed locally as well as that the culture was "intrusive" - introduced by immigrants to the region. While valid claims can be made for both sides, it is far more reasonable to surmise that Chalcolithic culture formed due to a combinative effect. Certain forms of pottery and methods of working copper show an Iranian influence which may have reached the Levant via Mesopotamia. To say that Chalcolithic culture was entirely intrusive would, however, be premature. The unique nature of Chalcolithic tradition, art and technology does not lend itself to such simple explanation. It would be more feasible to deduce that the advancements made during the Chalcolithic period were brought about by an assimilation of immigrant and indigenous cultures and technologies.

While a number of important technological, economic, and social changes may have occurred during this period in the Levant, the most distinguishing feature of Chalcolithi

While pottery was no new invention for Chalcolithic peoples, advancement can be seen here, too. First, much more pottery could be found in Chalcolithic sites, and it is better made that its Neolithic predecessors. Also, Enormous pithoi indicate a technological and agricultural advancement during this period. As indicated by these many stone-lined pits (similar in idea to a silo), storage of large amounts of grain appears to have been quite important. The huge storage vessels sometimes with steps inside the pot so that a smallish person could climb inside, presumably to scoop out the last of the grain at the bottom. Since a single pithoi would probably hold enough grain for a family's annual needs, and since the climate of the region demanded heavy winter rainfall for agriculture, the large number of such pithoi typically found on Chalcolithic sites suggests that accumulation of surplus was important.

c culture was the advancement in copper working. In fact, the name of the period, Chalcolithic, is based on the fact that some dig sites show widespread use of

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Approximate Word count = 718
Approximate Pages = 3 (250 words per page double spaced)

Category: History

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