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Quebec's Struggles for a Distinct Society & Fr-Can Natnalsm

Quebec has always been trying to maintain it's cultural identity. I this essay, I will try to outline the reasons why has this always been the case, and its direct link to French-Canadian nationalism. The path that leads to separatism is a long and winding one. The French saw Confederation as the only solution in 1867. They needed Confederation so they can remain in control of their own language, religion and a way of life. The paradox of the situation was that they also fully understood they would always be the minority in Canada and that as more regions joined Confederation, the situation would only get worse. This was however, preferable to a slow assimilation by the English, since now they could have laws passed that could protect their society.

As a minority in a country, Quebec's point of view was often disregarded in favour of the English-speaking majority. The first example of this could be seen from the way the Riel rebellions were handled. In 1885, what became known as the Saskatchewan Rebellion took place. This was led by Louis Riel who went to Batoche to once more set-up a provisional government and prepare the Metis for battle to protect their homes. The revolution was crushed, Louis Riel arrested and taken to Reg


On June 22, 1960, after sixteen years of conservative and traditional nationalist rule by Maurice Duplessis, the voters elected Jean Lesage and his Liberal Party, whose nationalist and reformist wing was led by Rene Levesque, who was the most popular television personality in Quebec. "The day of liberation has arrived. It's time for a change," stated the Liberals manifesto. Under the Liberal rule, new policies were implemented. A new labour code was adopted giving back the right to strike to the public servants. The Liberals also created what was called the ministry of cultural affairs, which was charged with protecting the French language. This period was termed the Quiet Revolution, where social reforms put Quebec's educational institutions into step with the scientific and technological advances of the 20th century.

Another attempt was made to reform the national constitution at the Charlottetown Accord. The accord also recognised Quebec as a distinct society but was defeated in October 1992. As a result, when the Liberals lost their majority to the PQ, Quebec held another referendum in 1995 to secede from Canada. The referendum was again defeated, but this time by only a hair thin margin of 51 to 49 percent. This is where the Separatist movement stands today, as yet undecided but ever present, ready to flare-up at any time in the foreseeable future.

In the 1970 provincial election, the Liberal Party, led by Robert Bourassa, an anti-separatist, won a majority of parliamentary seats, but the separatist Parti Quebecois polled 24% of the vote. In the same year, members of the extremist FLQ kidnapped and killed Pierre Laporte, the minister of labor. In response to what was dubbed the October crisis, the War Measures Act was passed which suspended civil rights and allowed the police to make mass arrests of suspected FLQ members. This was the deathblow to the group. Though Laporte's death was considered terrible, the War Measures Act only increased the separatist feeling as the suspension of rights was considered to be an extreme response.



Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 2545
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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