Prostate cancer is an androgen dependant adenocarcinoma. The tumor is slow growing and often begins in the posterior side of the prostate. It spreads by direct extension by the lymph nodes, seminal vesicles, urethral mucosa, and bladder wall. It all spreads via the veins from the prostate wich effect the pelvic bones, head of the femur, lower lumbar spine, liver, and lungs. Therefore, it is important for men to know signs and symptoms and screening measures to detect the disease.

Cancer of the prostate is diagnosed in more than 165,000 Americans annually, and it is the second most common cancer in males over the age of 65. Unfortunately there are no signs and symptoms of this disease unless it moves into the surrounding area. If this was to happen patients signs and symptoms would include urinary frequency, dysuria , slow urinary stream, and urgency. Signs that would show up later would be hematuria and urinar

Detecting prostate cancer can be accomplished by using one or more of three tests: Digital Rectal Exam (DRE), Prostatic Specific Antigen (PSA), and Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS). The DRE is the most commonly used of the three because it is a simple procedure that requires the physician to palpate the prostate to detect asymmetry, hardened areas, or any distinct nodules. However, this method can not detect all prostate cancer since the physician can not feel the entire prostate. Another screening method os a blood test called PSA. The PSA is used to measure elevations of a glycoprotein that is produced by the prostate known as human killikrien 3. Increase levels may aid in diagnosis of cancer or may indicate of how the disease has progressed. If the DRE and PSA are abnormal a more invasive test is needed to confirm prostate cancer called a TRUS. This procedure helps the physician identify suspicious areas in the prostate gland. Along with the TRUS , biopsies of the prostate gland can be taken to help the physician with the exact extent of the disease. If these tests come back positive there are a number of treatment options the client may choose from in treating this disease.

In conclusion, prostate cancer is a very manageable and treatable disease if detected early. For nurses, getting the word out about awareness of prostate cancer is vital in order

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