Wilson
At a time when all hope was lost and the nations of Europe were engulfed in one of the bloodiest and costliest wars in world history, Woodrow Wilson stepped onto the world stage to present his guidelines for a "New World Order" based on eternal peace. On January 8, 1918, in an address to a joint session of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives, President Wilson gave his famous speech outlining the "Fourteen Points" necessary to ending the war and bringing a lasting peace to the world. The competing powers were in the midst of a stalemate on the Western Front, and Wilson attempted to turn the tide and bring the warring nations to the negotiating table. Wilson wanted to end the stalemate on the Western Front and attempted to do so by luring the Germans to negotiate a "peace without victory". Moreover, it attempted to keep the Russians in the war, but ultimately failed with the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in March 1918, in which Russia and Germany agreed to a separate peace and an end to German-Russian hostilities. Wilsonian ideals "engendered almost limitless hopes and expectations in the minds of a traumatized population craving for assurances that peace would endure".
This League of Nations is the most impacting aspect of Wilson's "Fourteen Points" and demonstrated the world's desire to make World War I, the "war to end all wars". Although it ultimately failed, it laid the foundation for the creation of the United Nations in 1945, an organization championed by Wilsonians in American politics. "As a blueprint for world order, Wilsonianism has always been a chimera, but as an ideological weapon against 'every arbitrary power anywhere,' it has proved might indeed. And that, in the end, is how Wilson did truly imitate Jesus. He brought not peace but a sword". The lasting implications of his support for international democratization was epitomized time and time again, and most convincingly with the struggles for independence by Czechs, Poles, Balts, East Germans, Ukrainians, and the Russians against the tyrannical Soviet empire. Self-determination continues to be the battle cry for religious and ethnic groups throughout the world, but their struggle is usually a bloody one full of massacres of opposing ethnicities. International affairs would not be the same without Wilson and his "Fourteen Points" outlining the "New World Order". Ideas of self-determination garnered support after Wilson's proclamation, international justice to all peoples and nationalities and the right to live on equal terms of liberty and safety with one another continue to be goals of the U.N., open and free international trade are being facilitated by the WTO and IMF, and the seas are as free as they have ever been. Wilson was a man ahead of his time and still ahead today. Responding to a speech made by Wilson in the dining room of Washington's New Willard Hotel on the evening of May 27, 1916 with regard to permanent peace, George D. Herron, a leader in the Social Gospel movement, enthusiastically claimed Wilson as a man who "stands for a universal politic so new, so revolutionary, so creative of a different world than ours, that few have begun to glimpse his vision or appreciate his purpose". His idealism and genius will never be doubted, but it will take a drastic change in human nature and the world of politics to fully realize his goals described in his "Fourteen Points." Wilson's idealism is best summed up in the following quote from the man himself. "We are participants, whether we would or not, in the life of the world. The interests of all nations are our own also". As I mentioned prior, one of the overriding factors that lead to the failure of Wilson's "Fourteen Points" was the strong opposition to several of its guiding principles at the hands of the Allies due to the incompatibility with their war demands and their national interests. Wilson's lack of political pedigree increased the difficulty in administering his ideals and/or compromising on the issues. Faced with political strongmen like Lloyd George and Georges Clemenceau, Wilson didn't stand a chance. Britain and France were phenomenally damaged by the German war machine and domestic sentiment of hatred, fear, and a need for revenge festered as the war dragged on. Both nation
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Approximate Word count = 2095
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page double spaced)
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