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The Battle of Fallen Timbers

The Battle of Fallen Timbers was the key to opening up the Northwest Territory in 1794. There was native unrest in the area and settlers were being killed. Two Generals failed in their attempt to clear the area. The third General, Anthony Wayne, would not fail. This series of events led to the Northwest Territory being more widely settled as well as the eventual statehood of a number of different states.

The story of Fallen Timbers begins prior to the actual battle. Colonists had begun to settle the territory before soldiers were able to enter and to move the Native Americans out. The Indians were killing many American citizens. The Indians were not the only group behind the attacks on the American citizens. The British were training, equipping, and giving tactical advice to the Indians (Phelps 4). In the Treaty of Paris of 1783, between America and Britain an agreement was made to allow the British to garrison forts within the Northwest Territory. They were permitted to do so until America settled its differences with the Indians that helped the British in the Revolutionary War. Fort Miami, a British fort, was established in the Northwest Territory. The natives regarded the Ohio River as the boundary between Ameri


Prior to the Battle of Fallen Timbers, President George Washington ordered soldiers into the Northwest Territory in 1793 to subdue the Indians and push the British out of the Northwest Territory. President Washington first looked to General Josiah Harmar to lead an expedition in pursuit of the goal into the Territory. Harmar was ambushed and his army was quickly destroyed. After this failed attempt, President Washington then looked to General Arthur St. Clair. His army was led to the same fate as Harmar's army (Phelps 4). St. Clair's mission into the Northwest Territory was the worst defeat of an American army by an Indian force in United States' history. His defeat left six hundred men dead (Preservation Commission 1).

President George Washington wanted General Anthony Wayne to pursue a peaceful resolve but to be ready for an attack. General Wayne began his expedition into the Territory by building forts, building roads, and training troops. By Christmas of 1793 he had reached the site of General St. Clair's defeat. Upon the site of the defeat General Wayne built Fort Recovery. Many forts were built on rivers during this time period Fort Recovery was no different. Fort Recovery was constructed on the Wabash River. After the erection of Fort Recovery Wayne discovered that the Indians did not desire making peace (Phelps 4). Little Turtle, one of the leaders of the Native Confederacy, led an attack against Fort Recovery. This attack failed in more way than one. The attack did not destroy General Anthony Wayne's army and it left the Native Confederacy with less cohesion. Some Indians saw the loss as the first of more to come. Indians from distant parts of the country left and went back to their home (Preservation Commission 1). General Wayne continued to move into the Northwest Territory and constructed Fort Adams. Fort Adams is located near present day Celina. After Fort Adams he moved further up the river to build Fort Defiance near the Maumee River and the Auglaize River (Phelps 4).

With the Indians plan in place and General Wayne's two lines ready for battle, the battle ensued. The Riflemen and Dragoons that were anchored on the Maumee River broke the Eastward flank of the Indians. On the opposite side of the line the Indians that were taking cover behind the fallen trees had great protection but could not advance without leaving themselves in the open. The American force pushed forward with fierce tenacity. The natives began to retreat to Fort Miami. The American troops pursued the Indian forces for two miles toward Fort Miami. Once the natives reached Fort

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Approximate Word count = 1762
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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