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Early Neolithic Civilizations

I believe that humans have always sought control over our lives, environments, and the people around us. The Neolithic revolution enabled people to increase their control over these factors.

Though it was likely unconscious at first, humans began to select the plants and animals that they interacted with. Once people realized that the plants and animals were changing because of that interaction, it was only a short leap to begin deliberate attempts at change. Dogs were once of the first domesticated animals, and evidence for this can be found in all parts of the world. In southwest Asia and North America, evidence for domestication is found as far back as 11,000 years ago.

All dogs are descended from various types of wolves. It is likely that humans accidentally became involved with the predators, but once they realized their usefulness, humans began to actively search out and artificially select for wolves that were different. They would likely have chosen those who were less aggressive, differently colored, and larger or smaller. Thus began the evolution of the dog into it many varied forms of today (Feder 438-440).

In southwest Asia - the Middle East, cereal crops went through a similar process 9,000 y


When large number of people come together, there is bound to be discord and imbalance. There are bound to be the "haves" and the "have-nots." People begin to seize control of those who have less than them. Social stratification begins. Rather than according rank to those who have achieved it, people began to see the development of classes, which one was born into (Tveskov). People of higher rank had more power, wealth, and rights. They tended to control those below them. Though it has likely always been a part of human societies, inequality began to run rampant. Greater political integration gradually led to government - a key component to civilization.

Higher population densities occurred for a number of reasons. The farming itself allows for a surplus of food, enabling a few to feed many. People begin to congregate in these areas, and set up house to begin farming.

There was a whole set of tools to fill out the farmer's arsenal. Sickles, with tiny microblades embedded in them were used to cut the grasses and grains that people used. Grinding stones, mortars and pestles were relied upon more and more, as well as storage places to house the goods in (454).

Women who are sedentary are more capable of pregnancy, carrying the child to term, and becoming impregnated again quickly. Because they are not traveling constantly they have a lower risk of miscarriage. There are more people present to help her in the birthing process, decreasing the infant mortality rate, and she is more likely to rest before and after childbirth. Lactating women are not as fertile. When a woman has access to a milk-bearing animal, she can discontinue breast-feeding at an earlier age, making her more capable

Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 1156
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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