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Themes in Jane Eyre

In the following excerpt, Kramer examines the interplay between Jane's concern for equality and her urges to submit or rebel.

The fact is that the motivating forces of Jane Eyre's personality are not sexual concepts at all but personal concepts. She reacts as she does to erotic situations not because of repressions or of desires to emasculate or castrate her menfolk but because she fully understands her own motivations. She also comprehends the significance of alternatives she is presented with, and the states of life that her choice of action can lead her to. Unlike the actions of modern protagonists, whose lives are a continual process of self-frustration and self-discovery, Jane's conform to her principles and her understanding of her moral and physical needs.

Jane herself controls the point of view and provides the standards by which she herself and all the other characters are evaluated; thus she herself is not only the principal integrating force in the novel but is also the most complex character in the story, with instincts and standards at odds with each other. The psychological action will therefore be the interplay of divergent impulses within her, and the final reconciling or proper ordering of these impulse


s will be the principal part of the final resolution of the novel as a whole. She demonstrates her self-confessed impulsiveness, her vehemence, curiosity, and rebellious nature, she admits that she cannot live without love but is independent enough to castigate Mrs. Reed, the person whom in other circumstances it would be the most natural for her to love. Again, by the time she becomes involved with Rochester, she communicates clearly the various conflicting impulses that impel her to thought and action. She consciously allows her attraction to Rochester to have temporary sway, enjoys a sublimated coquetry with him in argument, uses both common sense and impassioned self-chastisement to rid her mind of fancies that Rochester might return her love, and then recognizes that however Rochester may feel toward her, they are of the same nature and that Rochester has little in common with his social acquaintances. Toward Blanche Ingram, Jane first feels inferiority, accepting as likely that Rochester would prefer beauty, but she shortly realizes the barrenness of Blanche's heart, the emptiness of her mind, and the unnaturalness of her "spontaneity." In short, Jane sees that Blanche is not "genuine," and she accepts the loss of Rochester with sorrow for his sake rather than with self-pity. The material in this paragraph, and the often-quoted arguments Jane offers in refusing to become Rochester's mistress, indicate that Brontė exhibits in the characterization of her heroine a battle between passion and common sense, between conscience and unformulated desire. Jane is a character of conflicting motivations, all of which she herself recognizes and enunciates. Logically, then--to return to specific features of structure--the novel's reconcilement-by-marriage should provide either a balance of the conflicting elements or a judgment upon their dichotomy, or both. The marriage of Jane and Rochester furnishes both: passion and reason complement each other in their final relationship, and Jane's reliance upon conscience is justified not only by her final happiness but by Rochester's coming to believe that she had been correct to refuse his unsanctioned love.

Jane's conflict between revolt and submission subtilizes her concern for equality. Jane explicitly and publicly asserts her equality; she also, and contradictorily, tends to classify individuals as either stronger (superior) or weaker (inferior) than she is. In other words, while insisting she is the equal of everyone she meets, regardless of social rank, Jane in her actual personal relationships weighs and evaluates her own qualities against those of her associates. Her dilemma is, of course, the dilemma of every democrat, all the sharper and more compelling when the democrat in question is in the lower social position and perforce relies upon nature for acceptance rather than upon artificial distinctions of class and wealth. Jane's inclination to evaluate becomes manifest especially when people try to exert their wills upon her in a masculine manner. She herself recognizes fully her reactions to such people: "I know no medium: I never in my life have known any medium in my dealings with positive, hard characters, antagonistic to my own, between absolute submission and determined revolt."

The movement toward this reconcilement is structurally amplified by a kind of "doublin

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Approximate Word count = 2254
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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