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Beauty of Sound (Citizne Kane)

In 1938, at the mere age of 23, Orson Welles' radio adaptation and performance of H.G. Well's classic science fiction thriller The War of the Worlds established him as a household name and a master of dramatic production. His previous experience, in both directing and acting, in theater had taught him the essentials of narrative story telling and his involvement in radio perfected his ability to use sound as a means of conveying message and emotion. For these reasons, his first ever feature film, Citizen Kane, has a soundtrack that is so expressive and attuned to the story, it would not be difficult to comprehend the entire film without visual sensory whatsoever.

Even at a very young age people around the young Orson recognized his genius. His first stage appearance was at the age of 3. While the role probably did not require great acting skill, by the age of 16 he presented himself to the Gate Theatre in Dublin as a professional actor and he made his Broadway debut at 19 as Shakespeare's Tybalt from Romeo and Juliet. In the next few years Welles established himself as a very competent figure in all aspects of stage production and even formed a repertory company with the director/producer John Houseman. The Mercury Pl


Herrmann had worked with Welles on the radio and given his history as an impressive conductor and composer, he also had much experience and knowledge in the way that a story could be told through strictly aural means. Because this was his very first work for a film, his thoughts were not tainted with old standard ideas and he easily worked with and adapted to what Welles and he saw as the best thing for the film. For example, they blended the sound effects with the music "to add intensity to certain scenes," (Herrmann 71) a technique borrowed from radio.

Herrmann used them in a manner that he borrowed from radio; he used them to transfer between scenes, a task which was in most films of the time left solely to the camera. This helped to accentuate the sharp and sudden photographic contrasts of Welles' shooting style. Herrmann also used various incidental music, or music that would naturally fit into a circumstance, in scenes such as the news reel and the opera aria to give off a sense of realism. Both the incidental music and the mixing of sound effects with music seamlessly integrate the soundtrack with the visuals of the movie.

This experience in radio played a major role in Welles' development of Citizen Kane. Because he had a great deal of knowledge on how to express narration through sound, and almost none on how to do so on film, he used the soundtrack as an integral part of the storytelling device of the movie. Whereas most directors before Welles used sound as an indication for the audience to know how to feel in a given scene, he used sound as simply the voice of the film; if the audience felt sad or happy it was not because the film had manipulated them into it, it was because the dramatic power of the collaboration between camera and score had actually moved them. This symbiotic relationship of picture and sound show the true artistic talent that Welles must have had to literally single-handedly create Citizen Kane.

It is also important to remember that in sound, as in any artistic field, what

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Approximate Word count = 1372
Approximate Pages = 5 (250 words per page double spaced)


  

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