Why are written records of women in the Bible important? Do women actively seek out roles to play in society? Is there a set of rules to be upheld and/or broken? All of these questions, and more, seek an answer that reflects the position women took in traditional Judaic societies. In analyzing the books of Judges, Ruth and Judith, a background of the typical Jewish woman may be formulated, and then ultimately challenged by female characters. Using the Bible as

A short and historically inaccurate story within the Bible, Judith seems to be the feminist movement of these three books. Written to tell the story of a woman who placed or faith above the ruling of the wise male elders, this narrative focuses upon Judith's determination and outrage against the lack of faith within the community. In comparison to the book of Ruth, who was intended to be a symbol of tolerance, Judith alters the power, the intelligence and the respect women were given by her decided actions. Judith disagrees with the elders appeasing attitudes towards the public, and scoffs at the community for believing that God can be given an ultimatum. She uses her wit and aptitude to overcome an entire Assyrian army because she knows that both prayer and action must go hand in hand to fulfill the plan of God. It is conviction that brings her victory, but faith that allows her conviction. An amazing aspect of this story is Judith's ability to maintain the rules of the covenant while engaging in her plan, showing that true belief finds a way to succeed when no way can be seen at all. Accordingly, Judith symbolizes self-confidence, as well as unwavering commitment. This book also resonates the idea of strength by belief, not by physicality. In chapter 9, line 11, Judith says, "Your strength is not in numbers, nor does your power depend upon the stalwart of men." Judith thus addresses the idea that victory does not go to the side of those with those most people, or the greatest amount of physical force, but to the side to which God places his faith in. That victory will arrive if the people can place the faith back into the will of the Lord, as Judith acknowledges. An important aspect to note is Judith's status as a widow, who were often viewed as a lower class within the society. Being both female and widowed again reinforces the idea that God has a universal message that can be heard by any person no matter religion, race, location, etc. Why a woman to do this task? Judith is well qualified as intelligent, obeys the laws, she thinks out her plan and attacks with force in mind as well as in heart to overpower the Assyrians. Though she acts without even so much as a reassuring sign from God, Judith knows her duties and performs them with such fervor that she alters the perception of widows and women alike. It is in her faithful dedication that the role of women becomes one of obedience, acceptance and strength.

Included in the book of Judges is perhaps the most infamous women of

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Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page double spaced)