The definition of acid rain is: rain containing acids that form in the atmosphere and combine with water, regardless of the cause. Pollution, volcanic eruptions, power-generating plants, forest fires and even lightning bolts are some of the causes of acid rain. Acidic rain has been measured in a number of locations in the United States, Canada, and Scandinavia. The level of the acidity in the rain varies across the United States and is higher in the east and lower in the west.
Unpolluted rain or snow always is slightly acidic having a Ph (an indicator of a solutions acidic or basic properties) value of 5.6. This is due to the carbon dioxide in the air that dissolves in the precipitation in the atmosphere to produce carbonic acid, a weak acid, such as what is found in carbon
ated drinks. If the Ph falls below 5.6 the rain or snow is considered acidic.
Acid rain affects lakes, streams, forests, and crops. In the lakes and streams the acid conditions affect animals and plants. Fish are killed when aluminum is leached from the soil into lakes and streams by acid rain. The aluminum builds up in the gills of the fish and it dies. Also the run off from snow into lakes and streams, which is responsible for extensive fish kills in spring. In the forest the acid dissolves the waxy coating of the leaves, which makes the trees more subjectable to harmful fungi and bacteria.
This is how acid rain is formed. First, Sulfur dioxide, nitrous oxide, and nitrous dioxide are emitted into the air from natural and man-made sources. Next, these oxides are tr
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