West Nile virus belongs to a group of enveloped RNA viruses called Flavivirus whose members such as Japanese encephalitis virus, St. Louis encephalitis, etc. are transmissible by mosquitoes and have been shown to cause animal and human infection. West Nile virus was first isolated in 1937 from the blood of a woman in the West Nile district of Uganda.
West Nile virus is maintained in zoonotic cycles, mainly through the bird-mosquito cycle in wetland ecosystems, and the virus has been isolated from 43 different mosquito species. I
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