Mobiization of America for WWI
The mobilization of America for war was both an arduous and dispute ridden process. With many in the United States still opposed to intervention at the start of the war, financing it and managing it on a material level, as well as gaining public support for an overseas campaign were at the very least an impossibility. In the end, the task fell at the hands of the President, Woodrow Wilson First on task for Wilson was to arrange for a financial base to support the war. This process was slowed by progressive powerhouses within the American political system. Among those who opposed federally imposed taxing were politicians such as Robert M. La Follette and Hiram Johnson. Men like these opposed government measures that would benefit large business interests, whom they largely blamed for America's entrance into the war. They were afraid that the war would return power to big business interests whom they had been fighting to wrest power from for years. They mainly feared that with the return of big business power the progressive reforms they had managed to make would be blotted out. Furthermore, they held moral objections to war, and were reluctant to support it. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, they saw themselves as
Another of Creel's strategies was to hire speakers and speechwriters to go around the country and speak to crowds about the war and other important topics that required public support. Four-Minute-Men, as they were called went around the country to give brief speeches anywhere a crowd would assemble. Speakers would speak in front of crowds at movie theatres, town squares, markets, or just on the streets. By the end of the war it was said that over 75,000 men had spoken in front of 7,555,190 crowds about the war and the responsibilities every American could assume for themselves to bolster the war effort. William McAdoo, Wilson's son-in-law, an official of the War Industries Board, and as well as the benefactor of several other positions (among those positions held by McAdoo were the Secretary of the Treasury as well as chairman of the Federal Reserve Board), was given the title of director general of the nations railroads. As director general of the railroads, McAdoo brought about sweeping reforms. He was responsible for cleaning out the corporate system characteristic of the railroads at the time, by firing executives and other do-nothings who were responsible for sucking up hundreds of thousands of dollars a year in salaries and serving no apparent purpose. McAdoo also ended discrimination against women in the industry, allowing for equal for equal work. McAdoo also allowed railroad workers to form unions and established worker's compensation for those injured or killed while working on the railroads. protectors of the poor, which led them to oppose many taxes proposed by Wilson and his wartime government. Such taxes opposed were excises and nuisance taxes, which added to the prices of chewing gum, soft drinks, cars, and theater and movie tickets. The progressives, led by La Follette, supported taxes on those who stood to profit from the war. This meant increased income taxes for those of high income, excess profit taxes, and taxes on tobacco and alcohol. In the end, the powers that be were forced to submit to the progressive's firm stance on these issues and congress passed a compromised piece of tax legislature. Along with several excises, the new bill served to tax small incomes (above $5000 a year) at two percent, up until large incomes (above $2,000,000 a year) at fifty percent. As successful as the above subcommittees were, those committees headed by Bernard Baruch himself saw the most success. The Committee on Raw Materials organized drives to save such resources as steel. For example, it was Baruch that decided to ban the use of metal ribs in corsets. In doing so, Baruch saved enough steel to build two battleships. The Committee on Raw Materials limited recourses on all levels. Supplies ranging from steel to cement to rubber were controlled and rationed by the committee. The Committee on Public Information influenced all forms of media. In newspapers it had writers write about American life and ideals. The government even hired its own writers to write stories and distribute them free to newspapers. The Committee on Public Information also monitored and advised film producers, and actually influenced what kinds of movies would be made and which should not be made. At Creel's request movies glorifying the war and depicting the enemy as evil were produced and publicized. Under Hoover the Food Administration undertook many measures to assist farmers and optimize the Agricultural industry for war. Hoover undertook initiatives to control and destroy diseases and afflictions that threatened the optimal production of livestock. Hoover's organizational skills allowed him to provide many services for farmers at cost to the federal government. With government assistance farmers were supplied seed by the government at value without a middleman taking profit. The Food Administration undertook a large initiative aimed at eradicating pl
Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 2626
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page double spaced)
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