While studying evolutionary biology in New Guinea, Diamond came across a native named Yali who asked him this question: "Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own?" In other words, Yali asked Diamond why Europeans had so much more technology, or cargo, than New Guineans. Guns, Germs, and Steel is Jared Diamond's attempt at answering that question.

Throughout the book, Diamond explains that there are various ecological and geogr

Yali's question: "Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own?" considering biology might be a step closer to an answer. Ecology, geography and biology should have all been considered equally important in determining why different groups developed at such different rates over time.

As discussed previously, it should now be understood that the Japanese responded differently to identical inputs than did Europeans. Applied to modern day, this example can almost be completely reversed. Japan is home to many of the world's leading industries, specifically cars. Cars today can be equipped with almost anything. Video games, television, and even computers can be installed, much to the credit of the Japanese. Obviously, this astounding rate of technological development proves that Japan is reacting differently to the same input Europeans are receiving. Europe, being the developmental leader of the past, has been surpassed by it's once less developed Japan, almost completely opposite of any historical trend. Identical input is clearly not reacted to in the same ways. In support of this argument, another example comparing Europeans and Africans should be considered.

While Jared Diamond focused his book on ecological and geographical reasons for different rates of development all over the world, he almost completely threw out the idea that biology too, plays a role. It seems almost foolish for Diamond to disregard the idea that genetics play any sort of role in developmental differences. The claim that all human groups around the world have identical levels of intelligence is essentially the claim Diamond makes about biology. With such a short and particularly odd claim about humans all over the world, Diamond really goes no further with the biological factors affecting different rates of development. The assumption that all the races of the world are of comparable intelligence may sound good, however, there is proven evidence against it.

Food production formed sedentary populations. These populations did not travel from place to place as did the hunter-gatherer tribes that existed. Since sedentary populations were not limited to things that could be carried (necessities), colonization and formation of stable societies was possible. These populations established very secure foundations, making them stronger as a whole. As societies began to form, the need for a more structured system arose, thus making way for the concept of writing. With the use of writing, societies were able to communicate far more accurately and in much more detail. The spread of large amounts of knowledge became possible with writing, allowing for easier colonization of other regions.

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Approximate Word count = 1997
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page double spaced)