Thomas Hobbes was interested in why people allowed themselves to be ruled and what would be the best form of government for England. In 1651, Hobbes wrote his most famous work, the Leviathan. In it, he argued that people were naturally evil and could not be trusted to govern. The constant state of war is what Hobbes believed to be man's original state of nature. According to Hobbes, man should not be trusted in the state of nature and limits must be put on freedom and inalienable rights. Hobbes lived in the 17th century, and wrote during the English Civil War, therefore; his political views were most likely influenced by the war. Hobbes thought that by bringing back the monarch, or any other sovereign, there would be an end to the civil war and "it is necessary to peace and depending on sovereign power" (415 Leviathan). Men are in competition for honor and dignity, according to Hobbes. Envy and hatred arise, eventually causing war. With this view that only selfish interes
Like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke discusses the idea political or civil society. Locke believed that when a man is born he is entitled to freedom. This concept of freedom is given by the "law of Nature" to man so he may have, "his property, that is, his life, liberty and estate, against the injuries and attempts of other men"(Locke 350). Locke believes that man exist in a state of nature; however, Locke says that he does not think that man has the right to destroy himself or any other person/creature(without a legitimate reason.; he continues to say that that man is given the power to judge and act upon their judgment. "And this puts men out of a state of Nature into that of a commonwealth, by setting up a judge on Earth, with authority to determine all controversies."(352) It is only by man's consent that he can be part of civil society. In The Second Treatise of Government, John Locke states his belief that all men exist in "a state of perfect freedom to order their
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