Who is doing the deforestation? There is tons of controversy regarding whose doing the deforestation and why they are doing it. In all areas of the world, slash-and-burn farmers rank high as the most important causes of deforestation. When we say slash-and-burn we are referring to the farmers occupancy of the land and clearing the trees to plant food crops. Ranchers as well remove the forest to seed new pastures to graze their livestock along with commercial farmers who establish estate crops like rubber and oil palm. Other people who contribute to deforestation include loggers, commercial tree planters, firewood collectors, mining and petroleum industrialists, along with infrastructure developers. Deforestation as well is the product of the interaction of the many environmental, social, economic, cultural, and political forces at work in any given region. It creates wealth for some, causes hardships for others, along with almost always bringing serious consequences for the environment.

Tropical forests have environmental and socioeconomic importance in the world today. They play a special role in preserving the biodiversity that we have along with being the home to 70% of the world's plants and animals- approximating about 13 million distinct species. Deforestation robs the world of countless species, destroying this crucial biodiversity and losing species with potential uses in medicine, agriculture and industry. A world without biodiversity would be fragile and likely to magnify disturbance into catastrophe through the collapse of ecosystems that had lost keystone species.

Forests also influence the local and probably global climates. They moderate the range of air temperatures and maintain atmospheric humidity levels. Forests absorb atmospheric carbon and replenish the oxygen in the air we breathe. Forests regulate stream flows by intercepting rainfall, absorbing the water into the underlying soil, and gradually releasing it into the streams and rivers of its watershed. This minimizes both downstream flooding and drought conditions. Tree cover conserves moisture in the soil by providing shade that reduces the evaporative loss from radiant energy exchange with the atmosphere. Tree roots enhance soil porosity, reduce compaction, and facilitate infiltration. Trees also serve as windbreaks, reducing the force of desiccating, eroding winds at ground level. Thus, biodiversity reduction, combined with climate change, has the potential to spin out of control and to threaten the prosperity of global civilization. Already the disturbance caused by the present generation of human activity will require tens of millions of years to fix.

In this world, there are tons of tropical forests in existence, ranging from the rain forests of the Amazon to the dry woodlands of Southern Africa, from the coastal mangroves of Southeast Asia to the alpine forests in the Andean highlands of South America. Deforestation is the permanent loss of forests to other land uses such as agriculture, grazing, new settlements, infrastructure, and dam reservoirs. Tropical deforestation has come to be one of the most vital environmental problems facing t

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Approximate Word count = 2141
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page double spaced)