Any infliction of physical injury as a result of punching, kicking, burning, biting, pinching, shaking or otherwise harming a child is defined as physical abuse by the CAPTA, the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act. Physical abuse is most commonly thought of when heard the term abuse. 22.7% of 903,000 victims suffer from physical abuse (2). These types

problems, bed-wetting, post-traumatic stress disorder, nightmares, memory impairment, insomnia, psychological numbness, and/or poor self-esteem. In 1985, there were sexual abuse programs produced by child therapists to help children. They include rape crisis center, hospitals and others including movies, videotapes, coloring books, or puppets to convey a message. The goal is to help children know when they're being sexual abused or to resist such abuse that may occur. Some classes may not talk about parents or caregivers sexually abusing their children however it does occur. Carol Grimm of the Fargo N.D. rape crisis center says, "the hardest thing for parents to deal with is that their children are more at risk with family members or people they know"(7). Physically and sexually abused victims were most likely to be maltreated by males. Male parent, relative or other, abused 55.9% of the sexual abuse victims (8). Many doctors are unfamiliar of the symptoms of sexual abuse, or may be a little worried to investigate any further on a child because a doctor who makes a report will be spending a lot of time away from his/her job and a lot of time in court.

All the forms of child abuse are just as serious. Usually when one type of abuse occurs another form is present. Of the 903,000 victims, 25.3% of them suffer more than one type of abuse (12). The age of the highest

parental custody. 5). Lack of supervision: unsupervised situation. 6). Emotional abandonment: no emotional support or love from caretaker.

The last form of abuse is neglect. Neglect is "reckless failure to provide, by those responsible for care, custody, and control of the child, the proper or necessary support, education as required by law, nutrition or medical, surgical or any other care necessary for his well-being; and food, clothing or shelter sufficient for life or essential medical and surgical care"(9). CAPTA says neglect is basically the failure to provide for the child's basic needs. There are three categories of basic needs including educational, or enrolling children in school, emotional, or failure to provide needed psychological care or permission of drug use, and physical, or refusal or delay or seeking health care or abandonment. Neglect can also be expulsion from home, inadequate supervision, and proper clothing for weather. About half (53.5%) of the 903,000 victims suffered from neglect (10). There are six types of abandonment 1). Fatal or near fatal abandonment: child left to die. 2). Abandonment with physical needs provided by others the child is left with others and caretakers do not return. 3). Throwaways: child locked out of house or put on street. 4). Ref

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