Ernest Hemingway's novels were adventurous, colorful, and romantic, as was his personal life. In fact, many critics have concluded that his dramatic life was Ernest Hemingway's finest work, and it was the experiences he had along his restless and often violent journey that provided the literary world with some of American literature's most influential novels. Like all great writers, Hemingway used his life as the varied landscape for his novels. Though the protagonists were, indeed, fictional, their emotions and observations were pure Hemingway. As with any other artist, his personal experiences were interwoven in his work, and offer the only true glimpse anyone will ever have of the real

Ernest Hemingway, as opposed to the roguish bon vivant often portrayed by the media.

Hemingway continued to view himself as a youthful adventurer despite his official entry into middle age. However, by the 1950s, he could no longer deny the presence of "father time," and decided to confront the issue head on in the medium with which he felt most comfortable, fiction. The result was the 1952 novel, The Old Man and t

Over the years, the term Jesus Christ has been used synonymously with God. To many Christian fundamentalists, they are one and the same. Santiago doesn't have a god complex and does not initially appear to have anything in common with either god or Jesus. In fact, although it is implied that being Cuban, Santiago must also be Catholic, the reader gets the impression that he is not particularly religious. All of his energies must be concentrated on making a living; he has no time to read the Bible and ruminate about Christ's teachings. However, Santiago is also an honorable man. It is not until he begins his friendship with the young Manolin that Santiago not only confronts his own mortality but sees his life in moral terms. The impressionable boy believes in Santiago despite his failures in much the same way as Christ's followers continue to believe in him. Santiago's eventual triumph was a lesson that would

Hotchner, A.E. Papa Hemingway; A Personal Memoir. New York:

Next, Hemingway specifically limits the time-frame of The Old Man and the Sea to three days and three nights. It is during this three-day period that Santiago's physical stamina and mental endurance is tested as it never has been before. He recognizes that his time on this earth is coming to a close, and that he may never again be blessed with an opportunity to reel in "the big one." Similarly, Jesus was put the ultimate test of perseverance when he was placed on the cross for a period of three days. He endured his suffering with astonishing calm and dignity, realizing that there was much more at issue in this struggle than the life of one man. As Santiago was alone with only his thoughts for company on those nights at sea, he realized that there was much more at stake in this human contest than merely one of a fisherman attempting to make a catch. There was a man's honor and spiritual integrity which was ultimately at issue.

with which they could temporarily satisfy their hunger pangs. For Santiago, it defined his very essence not only of his manhood but of his moral fiber.

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Approximate Word count = 2519
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page double spaced)