The Odyssey is the story of Odysseus's journey from Troy to Ithaka. During his journey Odysseus is impeded by Poseidon and assisted by Athena. The use of olive wood as a metaphor lies in the differences between Athena and her uncle Poseidon in Odysseus's journey back to Ithaka.
Before the first time olive wood is used in the Odyssey Homer shows what side the gods are on, in book one Homer says, "all the gods had pitied Lord Odysseus, /all but Poseidon, raging cold and rough/ against the brave king till he came ashore/ at last on his own land."(210) and in book five Homer says that "Zeus, / went to his place among the gods assembled / hearing Athena tell Odysseus' woe. / For sh
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