What is the population explosion and why did it occur?

A population explosion is when a population increases at a rapid rate so the world population explosion is where the world population is increasing at an extremely rapid rate. This is a natural process.

The demographic transition model says that birth and death rates change over time due to economic and social developments.

figure 1: line graph showing the demographic transition model of the UK.

Figure 1 shows the demographic transition of the UK. It shows how, at first both death rates and birth rates are high, then, from about 1750 to 1870 birth rates remain the same but death rates fall, resulting in a rapid population growth. From about 1890 to 1950 birth rates began to decline steadily while the death rates continued to fall. From 1950 there has been a general decline in birth rates so they are almost equal to the death rates and growth rates and so growth rates are close to zero ( in 1997 the rate of natural increase was 0.2%). Although most EMDCs have reached this point where both birth rates and death rates are low, the majority of ELDCs have not.

e.g.2. Bulgaria: birth rate = 9 death rate =14 natural increase = -0.4% (1997)

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