The British author George Orwell, pen name of Eric Arthur Blair, was born in Motihari, India, June 25, 1903. His father was an important British civil servant in India, which was then part of the British Empire. A few years after Eric was born, he retired on a low pension and moved back to England. Though their income was not much enough, the Blair family sent their son away to boarding school which was an exclusive preparatory school, to prepare him for Eton Collage. Eric then won a scholarship to Eton Collage. During his education from the age of eight to eighteen, as he wrote in his essay about his school experiences titled "Such, Such Were the Joys," he experienced many things about the "world where the prime necessities were money, titled relatives, athleticism, tailor-made clothes", inequality, oppression and class distinctions in the schools of England (In Ball,1984).

             After the education at Eton College in England, Eric joined the Indian Imperial Police in British-Ruled Burma in 1922. There he witnessed oppression again, but this time he was looking at things from the top. Having served five years in Burma, he resigned in 1927 and turned back to Europe and lived in Paris for more than a year. Though he wrote novels and short stories he found nobody to get them published. He worked as a tutor and even as a dishwasher in Paris. During his poor days in Paris, he once more experienced the problems of the oppressed, the helpless and lower class people.

             In 1933, After having many experiences about the life at the bottom of society, he wrote Down and Out in Paris and London and published it under his pen name "George Orwell." After a year in 1934 he published his novel Burmese Days, which he reflected his experiences there. Then, he published A Clergyman"s Daughter in 1935, and Keep the Aspidistra Flying in 1936.

             In 1936, his publisher wanted Orwell to go to the English coal-mining country and write about it which was another important experience in his life.