The secret police imprisoned and killed many that did not contribute to the soviet economy. The government also seized privately owned farms to combine them into large farms, this was called collective farming. Estimates of 4.5 million to 7 million people starved due to Stalin's agricultural revolution (document #4). The resistance of collective bargaining was strong among the Kulaks. The Soviet government soon decided to eliminate them, thousands were killed. Stalin was an industrial and political power. He maintained his authority over the communist party and ruled with total social control by terror. .

             Benito Mussolini promised to rescue Italy by reviving its economy and by rebuilding its armed forces. Mussolini vowed Italy strong leadership and soon founded the Fascist party. Fascism emphasized loyalty to the state and obedience to its leader. Fascism combined violent nationalism with republican and anti-capitalist slogans, and launched a campaign of terrorism against the socialists. This movement was backed by many landowners and industrialists and by the heads of the army and police, and in October 1922 Mussolini was in power as Prime Minister at the head of a coalition government. In 1925 he assumed dictatorial powers, and in 1926 all opposition parties were banned. During the years that followed, the political, legal, and education systems were remodeled on Fascist lines. As economic conditions worsened because of the global depression his popularity increased. Mussolini abolished democracy and outlawed all political parties besides Fascists. Mussolini believed that war in a country set their seal of nobility (document #2). Mussolini ordered a massive invasion of Ethiopia to build a colonial empire in Africa. Italian troops were allowed to send supplies through the British-controlled Suez Canal on their way to Ethiopia. Italy soon became a model for Fascists in other countries.

             Adolf Hitler joined a small group called the National Socialist German Workers' party, called Nazi.